Single Responsibility Principle (SRP)

The Single Responsibility Principle (SRP) states that a class should have only one reason to change, meaning it should have only one responsibility or job.

Explanation:
Each class in a software application should focus on a single part of the functionality provided by the software. When a class handles multiple responsibilities, changes in one part of its functionality might affect other unrelated parts, increasing the risk of bugs and making the code harder to maintain.

Why it's important:

  • Improves code readability and maintainability
  • Encourages separation of concerns
  • Makes the class easier to test
  • Reduces the risk of unintended side effects when modifying code

Bad Example (Violates SRP):

public class ReportManager

{

    public void GenerateReport() { /* logic to generate report */ }

    public void SaveToDatabase() { /* logic to save to DB */ }

    public void SendEmail() { /* logic to send report via email */ }

}

Good Example (Follows SRP):

public class ReportGenerator

{

    public void GenerateReport() { /* generate logic */ }

}

 

public class ReportSaver

{

    public void SaveToDatabase() { /* save logic */ }

}

 

public class EmailSender

{

    public void SendEmail() { /* email logic */ }

}

Each class now has one responsibility, and changes to one function (like email formatting) do not affect report generation or database storage.

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